1Now when the enemies of Judah and Benjamin heard that the people of the exile were building a temple to the Lord God of Israel,

2they approached Zerubbabel and the heads of fathers’ households, and said to them, “Let us build with you, for like you, we seek your God; and we have been sacrificing to Him since the days of Esarhaddon king of Assyria, who brought us up here.”

3But Zerubbabel and Jeshua and the rest of the heads of fathers’ households of Israel said to them, “You have nothing in common with us in building a house to our God; but we ourselves will together build for the Lord God of Israel, just as King Cyrus, the king of Persia, has commanded us.”

4Then the people of the land Lit slackened the hands ofdiscouraged the people of Judah, and frightened them from building,

5and bribed advisers against them to frustrate their advice all the days of Cyrus king of Persia, even until the reign of Darius king of Persia.

6Now in the reign of Or Xerxes; Heb Ahash-veroshAhasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, they wrote an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.

7And in the days of Heb Artah-shashtaArtaxerxes, Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his colleagues wrote to Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the Lit writingtext of the letter was written in Aramaic and translated from Aramaic.

8Chs 4:8-6:18 are in AramRehum the commander and Shimshai the scribe wrote a letter against Jerusalem to King Artaxerxes, as follows—

9Uncertain, MT Then RehumRehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their colleagues, the judges and the lesser governors, the officials, the secretaries, the men of Erech, the Babylonians, the men of Susa, that is, the Elamites,

10and the rest of the nations which the great and honorable I.e., prob. AshurbanipalOsnappar deported and settled in the city of Samaria, and in the rest of the region beyond the Euphrates River. And now

11this is a copy of the letter which they sent to him:

12let it be known to the king that the Jews who came up from you have come to us at Jerusalem; they are rebuilding the rebellious and evil city and are finishing the walls and repairing the foundations.

13Now let it be known to the king, that if that city is rebuilt and the walls are finished, they will not pay tribute, custom tax, or toll, and it will Or certainly be...to the kingsbe detrimental to the revenue of the kings.

14Now because we Lit eat the salt ofare in the service of the palace, and it is not fitting for us to see the king’s shame, for this reason we have sent word and informed the king,

15so that a search may be conducted in the record books of your fathers. And you will discover in the record books and learn that that city is a rebellious city and detrimental to kings and provinces, and that they have revolted within it in past days; for this reason that city was laid waste.

16We are informing the king that if that city is rebuilt and the walls finished, then as a result of this you will have no possession in the province beyond the Euphrates River.”

17Then the king sent a response to Rehum the commander, Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their colleagues who live in Samaria and in the rest of the provinces beyond the Euphrates River: “Peace. And now,

18the document which you sent to us has been Lit clearly readtranslated and read before me.

19And a decree has been Lit put forthissued by me, and a search has been conducted and it has been discovered that that city has risen up against the kings in past days, and that rebellion and revolt have been perpetrated in it,

20that mighty kings have Lit beenruled over Jerusalem, governing all the provinces beyond the Euphrates River, and that tribute, custom tax, and toll were paid to them.

21Now issue a decree to make those men stop work, so that this city will not be rebuilt until a decree is issued by me.

22And beware of being negligent in carrying out this matter; why should there be great damage, to the detriment of the kings?”

23Then as soon as the copy of King Artaxerxes’ decree was read before Rehum and Shimshai the scribe and their colleagues, they went in a hurry to Jerusalem to the Jews and stopped them by military force.

24Then work on the house of God in Jerusalem was discontinued, and it was stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.