Exodus 第12章
The Passover
1The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
212:2 ch. 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Deut. 16:1“This month shall be for you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year for you.
3Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb 12:3 ver. 21according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household.
4And if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor shall take according to the number of persons; according to what each can eat you shall make your count for the lamb.
5Your lamb shall be 12:5 Lev. 22:19-21; Deut. 17:1; Mal. 1:8, 14; Heb. 9:14without blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats,
7“Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the 12:7 ver. 22two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it.
8They shall eat the flesh that night, roasted on the fire; with 12:8 ch. 23:18; 34:25; Num. 9:11; Deut. 16:3; 1 Cor. 5:8unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it.
9Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but 12:9 Deut. 16:7; 2 Chr. 35:13roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts.
10And 12:10 ch. 23:18; 29:34; 34:25; Deut. 16:4; [Lev. 7:15]you shall let none of it remain until the morning; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn.
11In this manner you shall eat it: with 12:11 [Luke 12:35; Eph. 6:14; 1 Pet. 1:13] your belt fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. 12:11 ver. 27; Lev. 23:5; Deut. 16:5; [1 Cor. 5:7]It is the Lord’s Passover.
12For 12:12 ver. 23; ch. 11:4, 5I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on 12:12 Num. 33:4all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: 12:12 ch. 6:2; Isa. 43:11I am the Lord.
1312:13 [Heb. 11:28]The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt.
14“This day shall be 12:14 ch. 13:9for you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations, as a 12:14 ver. 17, 24, 43; ch. 13:10; 2 Kgs. 23:21statute forever, you shall keep it as a feast.
1512:15 ch. 13:6, 7; 23:15; 34:18, 25; Lev. 23:6; Num. 28:17; Deut. 16:3, 8; [1 Cor. 5:7, 8] Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day you shall remove leaven out of your houses, for if anyone eats what is leavened, from the first day until the seventh day, 12:15 [Gen. 17:14; Num. 9:13]that person shall be cut off from Israel.
16On the first day you shall hold a 12:16 Lev. 23:7, 8; Num. 28:18, 25holy assembly, and on the seventh day a holy assembly. No work shall be done on those days. But what everyone needs to eat, that alone may be prepared by you.
17And you shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for 12:17 ch. 13:3on this very day I brought your 12:17 ver. 51; ch. 7:4hosts out of the land of Egypt. Therefore you shall observe this day, throughout your generations, as a statute forever.
1812:18 Lev. 23:5; Num. 28:16In the first month, from the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the month at evening.
1912:19 ver. 15For seven days no leaven is to be found in your houses. If anyone eats what is leavened, 12:19 ver. 15that person will be cut off from the congregation of Israel, 12:19 ver. 48, 49whether he is a sojourner or a native of the land.
20You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your dwelling places you shall eat unleavened bread.”
21Then Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and select lambs for yourselves 12:21 ver. 3according to your clans, and kill the Passover lamb.
22Take a bunch of 12:22 Lev. 14:6; Num. 19:18; Ps. 51:7; Heb. 9:19hyssop and 12:22 Heb. 11:28dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and touch 12:22 ver. 7the lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin. 12:22 [Isa. 26:20]None of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.
2312:23 ver. 12, 13For the Lord will pass through to strike the Egyptians, and when he sees the blood on 12:23 [See ver. 22above] the lintel and on the two doorposts, the Lord will pass over the door and 12:23 Heb. 11:28; [Ezek. 9:6; Rev. 7:3; 9:4]will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses to strike you.
24You shall observe this rite as a statute for you and for your sons forever.
25And when you come to the land that the Lord will give you, 12:25 ch. 3:8, 17as he has promised, you shall keep this service.
26And 12:26 ch. 13:8, 14; Deut. 6:20; 32:7; Josh. 4:6, 21; Ps. 78:3-6when your children say to you, ‘What do you mean by this service?’
28Then the people of Israel went and did so; as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.
The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn
2912:29 ch. 11:4At midnight the 12:29 Num. 8:17; 33:4; Ps. 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; 136:10Lord struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, 12:29 ch. 4:23; 11:5from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of the livestock.
30And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians. And there was 12:30 ch. 11:6; [Amos 5:16, 17]a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where someone was not dead.
The Exodus
3312:33 ch. 6:1; 11:1, 8; Ps. 105:38The Egyptians were urgent with the people to send them out of the land in haste. For they said, “We shall all be dead.”
34So the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading bowls being bound up in their cloaks on their shoulders.
35The people of Israel had also done as Moses told them, for they had 12:35 ch. 3:22; 11:2asked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing.
3612:36 ch. 3:21; 11:3And the Lord had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that 12:36 Gen. 15:14; Ps. 105:37they let them have what they asked. Thus they plundered the Egyptians.
37And the 12:37 Num. 33:3, 5people of Israel journeyed from 12:37 Gen. 47:11; [ch. 1:11] Rameses to Succoth, 12:37 [ch. 38:26; Num. 1:46; 2:32; 11:21; 26:51]about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children.
38A 12:38 Lev. 24:10, 11; Num. 11:4; [Neh. 13:3]mixed multitude also went up with them, and very much livestock, both flocks and herds.
39And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because 12:39 [See ver. 33above] they were thrust out of Egypt and 12:39 [Deut. 16:3]could not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves.
40The time that the people of Israel lived in Egypt was 430 years.
41At the end of 12:41 Gal. 3:17; [Gen. 15:13; Acts 7:6]430 years, on that very day, all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt.
42It was a night of watching by the Lord, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; so this same night is a 12:42 See Deut. 16:1-6night of watching kept to the Lord by all the people of Israel throughout their generations.
Institution of the Passover
43And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner shall eat of it,
44but every slave12:44 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles (see Preface) that is 12:44 [Gen. 17:12, 13]bought for money may eat of it after you have circumcised him.
4512:45 Lev. 22:10No foreigner or hired worker may eat of it.
46It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and 12:46 Num. 9:12; Cited John 19:36you shall not break any of its bones.
50All the people of Israel did just as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.
51And on that very day the 12:51 ver. 41; Acts 13:17Lord brought the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their 12:51 ver. 17hosts.
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