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Cases Requiring Sin Offerings
1“When someone sins in any of these ways:
If he has seen, heard, or known about something he has witnessed, and did not respond to a public call to testify, he will bear his iniquity.5:1 Gn 4:13; Ex 20:5; Lv 16:21–22; Nm 5:15,31; Dt 19:15
2Or if someone touches anything unclean5:2 Lv 11:4; Nm 19:13 — a carcass of an unclean wild animal,5:2 Lv 26:6 or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature5:2 Lv 11:24–40; Dt 14:8 — without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.5:2 Nm 5:6; Ps 68:21
3Or if he touches human uncleanness5:3 Lv 14:19 — any uncleanness by which one can become defiled5:3 Lv 11:24 — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4Or if someone swears rashly5:4 Ps 106:33; Pr 12:18 to do what is good or evil — concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess5:5 Lv 16:21 he has committed that sin.
6He must bring his penalty for guilt5:6 Lv 14:12 for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement5:6 Ex 30:15 on his behalf for his sin.
7“But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons5:7 Lv 1:14 as penalty for guilt for his sin — one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.
8He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.5:8 Gn 15:10; Lv 1:15,17
9Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar;5:9 Lv 4:25,30 it is a sin offering.
10He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation.5:10 Lv 1:14–17 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons,5:11 Lk 2:24 he may bring two quarts5:11 Lit one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour5:11 Lit flour as a sin offering5:11 Lv 2:1 as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering.
12He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion5:12 Lv 2:2 and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering.
13In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering.”5:13 Lv 2:3,10
The Guilt Offering
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses:
15“If someone offends5:15 Dt 32:51 by sinning unintentionally5:15 Nm 15:24 in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things,5:15 Things dedicated to the Lord he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel5:15 Lv 27:3; Nm 3:47) as a guilt offering.
16He is to make restitution5:16 Lv 14:12; 24:18 for his sin regarding any holy5:16 Lv 25:12 thing, adding a fifth of its value to it,5:16 Lv 27:13 and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.5:16 Lv 4:20,26,31,35; 6:7
17“If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord’s commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity.
18He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven.
19It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord.”

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